Credit Cards: A Smart Strategy for Repairing Credit
Intro
Navigating the world of credit can feel like sailing through a stormâconfusing and sometimes overwhelming. Yet, understanding how to use credit cards effectively can turn that stormy sea into a smoother ride toward financial improvement. This guide dives into the ins and outs of using credit cards as a tool for credit repair, shedding light on the principles involved and offering actionable steps for those keen to enhance their credit profiles.
Establishing a solid credit score is no small feat. It encapsulates your financial history, your ability to repay debts, and how you manage available credit. However, the right use of credit cards can work wonders in elevating your score over time. You see, itâs about more than just spending; itâs about strategy, timing, and behavior.
Using credit cards can indeed be a double-edged sword. If mismanaged, they can lead you further down the road of financial distress. But, when wielded with care, they can become a mighty ally in your journey toward better credit. Throughout this article, we will explore how to turn a tricky situation into a triumphant one, highlighting not only the benefits but also the potential pitfalls of relying on credit cards for repair.
Let's dig into the terms and strategies needed to harness this financial tool effectively.
Investment Definitions
In terms of finance, itâs crucial to lay down some groundwork. Understanding essential terms related to credit can pave the way for better management and strategy. Here are key terms that everyone should know before diving deeper into credit repair.
Key Terms Explained
- Credit Score: A numerical representation of a person's credit worthiness, typically ranging from 300 to 850. The higher the score, the better.
- Utilization Rate: This refers to the amount of credit you are using compared to your total available credit. Keeping this under 30% is often recommended.
- Credit Report: A detailed account of an individual's credit history, including open accounts, payment history, and inquiries.
- Secured Credit Card: A credit card backed by a cash deposit from the cardholder, often used to rebuild credit.
Common Strategies
- Timely Payments: Prioritizing on-time payments to build a positive payment historyâone of the most significant factors that influence your score.
- Low Balance Maintenance: Keeping balances low relative to your credit limit to help manage your utilization rate.
- Diversifying Credit Lines: Adding various types of credit accounts, like installment loans or secured cards, to show lenders you can handle different types of debt.
The next section will delve into expert advice that can help both novice and seasoned investors tackle their credit scores with confidence.
Expert Advice
In the realm of credit management, whether you are just beginning or youâve danced with debt for years, thereâs wisdom to be gleaned from a variety of perspectives. Here, we'll cover practical tips that cater to both novice users and seasoned pros, ensuring that youâre equipped to tackle credit card management with finesse.
Tips for Novice Users
- Start with a Secured Card: If youâre new to the credit card world, a secured card is a safer bet. This helps in building credit without the risk of overspending.
- Set Up Alerts: Use technology to your advantage. Setting payment reminders can prevent accidental late payments.
- Educate Yourself: Knowledge is power. Take the time to understand how credit scores work, and become familiar with your own history.
Advanced Strategies for Seasoned Users
- Leverage Rewards Wisely: If youâre comfortable managing credit wisely, consider cards with rewards. Use them for planned expenses to earn benefits without adding debt.
- Monitor Your Reports: Regularly reviewing your credit reports can help you spot errors or understand factors that may be affecting your scores.
- Consider Balance Transfers: If youâre managing various debts, a balance transfer might offer lower interest rates, but do your homework first to avoid pitfalls.
"Effectively managing credit cards and leveraging their benefits can be a game-changer in your financial journey."
Through careful management and strategic planning, using credit cards can serve as a means to enhance your financial well-being. The following sections will explore more specific tactics and intricacies involved in using credit cards for repairing your credit score.
Understanding Credit Scores
Understanding credit scores is like holding the keys to your financial future; it allows individuals to navigate the complex world of borrowing and lending with confidence. A credit score, in its simplest form, is a numerical representation of a person's creditworthiness. Lenders and financial institutions rely on these scores to determine the likelihood of timely repayments on loans or credit lines.
As we discuss various methods to repair credit, itâs crucial to grasp the fundamentals of credit scores first. Without this foundational knowledge, you might find yourself paddling upstream without a paddle. Many people assume that paying off debts is the only way to improve their scores, but there are deeper layers that need exploration. Credit scores affect not just loan approvals but also the interest rates attached to those loans, insurance premiums, and even housing applications. Making informed decisions based on this understanding can lay the groundwork for sound financial health.
What constitutes a credit score?
At its core, a credit score typically ranges from 300 to 850. Numbers on the lower end signify higher risk, while those on the higher end denote stability. The formula for calculating a credit score isn't set in stone but is commonly based on certain criteria. These criteria include payment history, debt amounts, credit history length, newly opened credit accounts, and the variety of credit accounts held. With each lending agency having their own formula and weight for these elements, achieving a great credit score can feel like chasing a moving target.
Factors affecting credit scoring
Payment history
Payment history makes up a substantial portion of your credit score, often around 35%. Simply put, it shows how reliable you are in paying your bills. If youâve paid your bills on time, that paints a pretty picture for lenders. But, any late payments, bankruptcies, or defaults can create dark clouds over your score. The key characteristic here is that even one missed payment can linger for years.
A beneficial aspect of focusing on your payment history is that itâs relatively straightforward to improve. By making on-time payments, you can gradually rebuild your score. On the flip side, accumulating missed payments can be a slippery slope.
Credit utilization
Credit utilization refers to the amount of credit you're using versus your total available credit. Keeping this ratio low â ideally under 30% â shows lenders that youâre not overextending yourself. This key characteristic is vital because high utilization figures can make you appear credit-hungry, and lead lenders to think you might struggle to repay loans.
One unique feature of credit utilization is that it's continuously updating, which means you can actively manage it with careful budgeting. However, if high balances are a constant in your life, it can create a negative spiral that harms your credit score.
Length of credit history
The length of time youâve had credit accounts open contributes around 15% to your score. This key characteristic implies lenders prefer borrowers with established credit histories. The reason is simple: They want to see a pattern of responsible credit usage. If you're new to credit, this can feel like a disadvantage.
A unique feature to note is that keeping older accounts open can be beneficial to maintain this length. Some might think closing old accounts simplifies their finances, but it can have the reverse effect on your score. On the other hand, a short credit history might raise flags for lenders and could limit your options.
New credit inquiries
New credit inquiries, which make up about 10% of your score, occur when you apply for credit. Each time you apply, itâs recorded in your report, which can lead some to think of you as a higher risk. Patience is key here; frequent applications in a short span can attract scrutiny and damage your score.
The key characteristic is that making too many inquiries can paint a picture of financial instability. However, consolidating your applications in a short time frame can minimize damage. Waiting before seeking additional credit can also help in preserving your score until your situation stabilizes.
Types of credit accounts
Diversity in your credit profile positively impacts your score, as it shows you can manage various types of credit. This category counts for around 10% of your overall score. Having a mix of revolving creditâlike credit cardsâand installment credit, like mortgages or car loans, can portray you as a well-rounded borrower.
The key characteristic here is that diverse credit can give a fuller picture of your financial capabilities. However, itâs essential to choose credit types wisely; overextending by applying for credit you donât need can backfire and hurt your score in the long run.
Different types of credit scores
Credit scoring systems can vary significantly, and not every lender will use the same methodology. There are two main players in the game: the FICO Score and VantageScore, each with its own unique algorithms that can affect how lenders view you.
FICO Score
The FICO Score is one of the most recognized credit scoring systems. Itâs used by many lenders to assess creditworthiness, accounting for various factors just like those previously discussed. Its key characteristic lies in its acceptance; most lenders trust it, making it essential for consumers to be aware of it.
A unique aspect of the FICO Score is that it has various versions, meaning your score can fluctuate based on the criteria the lender emphasizes. Understanding this can help you manage expectations in different lending scenarios, although some may argue other scoring systems could portray you better in specific circumstances.
VantageScore
VantageScore, while gaining ground, doesnât have the same level of widespread usage as FICO. However, it offers a more flexible scoring system, utilizing newer credit data and potentially being more forgiving of sporadic late payments. This key characteristic makes it an appealing option, particularly for those with limited credit histories. Yet, because not all lenders use it, a VantageScore may not always reflect your overall creditworthiness in the same light as the FICO score.
To sum it up, knowing how credit scores work creates a clearer roadmap for those looking to improve their financial profiles. With credit cards playing a critical role, understanding these fundamentals lays the groundwork for utilizing them as an effective tool for credit repair.
Credit Cards as a Credit Tool
Credit cards can be a double-edged sword. In the context of credit repair, they serve as more than just a shiny piece of plastic. They are tools that, when wielded correctly, can help individuals build their credit posture from the ground up. It is crucial to understand how these financial instruments can influence your credit score positively. An effective strategy with credit cards can pave the way for better loan terms, lower interest on mortgages, and an overall improved financial landscape.
One of the primary benefits of using credit cards for credit repair lies in their potential for establishing a consistent payment history. This history forms a significant part of how credit scores are calculated. By using a credit card responsiblyâmaking timely payments and keeping balances lowâindividuals can demonstrate their creditworthiness to lenders. Moreover, credit cards build a credit profile over time, showcasing a reliable borrowing pattern that attracts future credit opportunities.
The role of credit cards in building credit
Credit cards play a vital role in building credit because they help establish a track record of responsible use. The more you effectively manage credit card payments, the better your credit score reflects that responsibility. This aspect is crucial, especially for those who may have fallen on hard times and are seeking to recover from negative marks on their credit report. Simply put, using a credit card wisely makes a strong case for potential lenders.
When you frequently use your credit cardâwhile making sure to pay off the balance in full or keeping the balance lowâcredit bureaus notice this trend. This consistent use reports positively to agencies like FICO or VantageScore, gradually improving your credit profile. So, itâs not just about owning a credit card; itâs about using it strategically.
Choosing the right credit card for repair
When selecting a credit card for repair purposes, certain features can make a significant difference. Understanding the nuances between different types of credit cardsânamely secured and unsecured onesâcan steer individuals toward making a well-informed choice that aligns with their credit repair goals.
Secured vs unsecured cards
The crux of the matter when deciding between secured and unsecured credit cards lies in the backing they require. A secured card is backed by a cash deposit, which typically serves as your credit limit. This distinctive feature makes it a popular option for those with poor or no credit history, as the risk to the issuer is significantly mitigated.
On the other hand, unsecured cards do not require this deposit and usually offer higher credit limits. However, they are often accessible mainly to individuals with established credit histories. For someone looking to repair their credit, secured cards can be an excellent starting point due to their lower approval barriers. They provide a foundation for building a good credit history through responsible use, ultimately leading to potential upgrades to unsecured cards down the line.
Rewards and low-interest options
When weighing rewards and low-interest cards, itâs essential to strike a balance between benefits and practicality. Credit cards that offer rewards may seem enticing, especially if you can accrue points or cashback on your purchases. However, these perks often come with higher interest rates, putting you at risk if monthly payments are missed.
Low-interest credit cards, conversely, prioritize affordability and reduce the cost of borrowing. They can be beneficial for anyone on a credit repair journey, allowing users to carry a balance without incurring excessive interest charges. This strategic choice enables consistent payments, which ultimately reflect positively on your credit report. When opting for rewards versus low-interest cards, consider your spending habits and payment preferences.
Establishing a credit history
Establishing a credit history is not a sprint but rather a marathon. It requires patience and discipline. A solid credit history doesnât grow overnight, but consistent use of a credit card can gradually build a positive track record. Keep in mind that over time, as payments are made consistently and on time, this record forms the backbone of oneâs credit profile. It becomes an essential asset in financial undertakings, affecting everything from employment opportunities to loan approval rates.
Best Practices for Managing Credit Cards
In the realm of credit repair, managing credit cards effectively is of utmost importance. Understanding the nuances of credit card usage can significantly influence your credit score and overall financial health. Following best practices can help in cultivating a positive credit history, mitigating risks, and steering clear of common pitfalls. The journey towards credit repair is not merely about choosing the right card; itâs a comprehensive strategy that involves meticulous management and informed decision-making.
Making timely payments
Paying your credit card bills on time is perhaps the most foundational best practice. Each payment you make influences your credit score, especially the payment history factor, which makes up a large portion of your score. Falling behind can lead to late fees and increased interest rates, not to mention the potential for negative marks on your credit report that linger for years.
Imagine it like a tightrope walk; one misstep can lead to a tumble. Setting up automatic payments can help ensure you never miss a due date, and it takes the guesswork out of remembering. Consider marking your calendar or setting reminders on your phone.
Additionally, it's wise to pay off the full balance if possible. Not only does this prevent interest from accruing, it also illustrates responsible credit management. Paying timely builds trust with creditors and sends a clear message that youâre serious about maintaining good credit.
Maintaining low credit utilization
Next on the agenda is credit utilization, which is the ratio of your current credit card balances to your total credit limits. A low utilization rate is beneficial for your credit score. Ideally, try to keep this ratio below 30%. This means if you have a total credit limit of $10,000, your outstanding balance should not exceed $3,000.
Maintaining low utilization can be likened to keeping a balanced diet; just as you wouldnât want to overindulge, you shouldn't max out your credit cards. If you find yourself creeping up past that 30% mark, consider making additional payments throughout the month or asking for a credit limit increase. Make sure to use your cards for necessary purchases, not for purchases you canât afford.
Regularly monitoring credit reports
Last but not least, regularly monitoring your credit reports can be invaluable in your journey towards credit repair. Being proactive about checking your reports allows you to catch potential errors or fraudulent activity early on. Everyone is entitled to a free report from each of the three major credit bureaus annually at AnnualCreditReport.com.
When you review your reports, look for discrepancies such as incorrect balances, accounts that donât belong to you, or missed payments that you actually settled. Addressing issues quickly can help maintain the integrity of your credit score.
Remember, keeping tabs on your credit report is akin to a pilot checking their navigation system; it is vital for a smooth flight towards good credit.
In summary, mastering best practices for managing credit cards lays a solid groundwork for restoring and enhancing your credit score. The importance of making timely payments, maintaining low credit utilization, and regularly checking your credit reports cannot be overstated. These steps pave the way toward achieving your credit goals.
Challenges and Pitfalls
Understanding the challenges and pitfalls of utilizing credit cards in the context of credit repair is crucial for anyone looking to navigate this financial strategy successfully. While credit cards can serve as powerful tools to enhance one's credit profile, they also bear inherent risks that can derail the very goals one aims to achieve. Mismanagement or neglect can lead to increased debt, tarnished credit scores, and unwanted financial stress. Recognizing these pitfalls not only empowers individuals to make informed choices but also sets the foundation for achieving long-lasting credit health.
Potential for increased debt
One of the primary concerns when using credit cards for credit repair is the potential for increased debt. This isn't merely a buzzkill â it's a reality that many face when credit cards are misused or not closely monitored. When a new credit card is activated, the temptation to overspend often looms large. Without a solid plan, itâs all too easy to pile on charges that spiral out of control.
Debt can accumulate quite rapidly if one simply charges items without a thought to repayment. A credit card can quickly become a slippery slope. You might think, "Oh, itâs just a little here and there," but before you know it, youâre face-to-face with a hefty bill at the end of the month. The ideal approach would involve setting a strict budget and sticking to it, ensuring that you only use the card for necessary expenses that can easily be paid off.
Impact of late payments
Another significant area of concern is the impact of late payments. This aspect canât be overstated; one missed payment can wreak havoc on your credit score, making all that hard work feel futile. Consistently paying on time is not just a good habit; itâs a cornerstone of effective credit repair. Each time a payment is late, creditors may report this to the credit bureaus, which could set back your efforts to improve your credit standing.
In today's fast-paced world, one might think that an occasional oversight isn't a big deal, but the consequences can linger like a bad taste. Creditors hold tight to payment history, and lateness can follow you like a shadow. Those seeking to use credit cards for repair must prioritize owing their creditors on time to prevent any long-term damage. Set up reminders or automatic payments to help streamline this process.
Navigating credit inquiries
Lastly, navigating credit inquiries can prove challenging, particularly if individuals are not fully aware of how they affect credit scores. When applying for new credit cards, lenders will often conduct hard inquiries to evaluate your creditworthiness. Each of these inquiries can temporarily ding your score. Too many inquiries can give lenders the impression that you may be financially unstable, raising red flags.
In a world where every point on a score carries weight, itâs wise to be strategic about how many credit cards you apply for and when. Focus first on repairing your credit with gradually approached inquiries instead of numerous applications in a short span. As a rule of thumb, think before you leap; consider whether a new credit card genuinely adds value to your journey of credit repair.
Using credit cards responsibly requires a delicate balance between leveraging them for credit repair and avoiding the common traps.
In summary, while credit cards present unique opportunities for credit repair, the potential challenges that come with them must not be underestimated. Staying vigilant about debt accumulation, maintaining timely payments, and being mindful of credit inquiries can pave the way for a smoother credit repair journey.
Strategies for Effective Credit Repair
Navigating the landscape of credit repair can feel like stepping through a minefield. The pathway to good credit involves more than just a few simple actions; it's a combination of strategies that can lead to sustainable improvements in one's financial standing. In this section, we'll dissect various methods one can employ to ensure their credit repair efforts pay off. Utilizing credit cards may be a significant piece of the puzzle, but they work best when part of a broader, well-structured approach.
Building a payment plan
Creating a payment plan is arguably one of the most foundational steps in credit repair. It's more than just paying bills on time; it's about strategically mapping out one's finances to ensure all debts are addressed effectively. Here are a few considerations to keep in mind:
- Prioritize debts based on interest rates and amount: High-interest debts usually cost more over time, so tackling these first can save you money in the long run.
- Set realistic goals: Whether aiming for full debt elimination or gradually reducing balances, setting achievable targets can keep you motivated.
- Regularly review and adjust your plan: Life changes, so itâs wise to tweak your plan as necessary to reflect your current financial situation.
Consistency is key here. Adhering to a structured payment plan builds trust with lenders, reflecting a commitment to financial responsibility.
Engaging with credit counseling services
Credit counseling services serve as valuable resources for individuals looking to improve their creditworthiness. They offer guidance, tools, and sometimes even negotiation skills that can make a real difference in a borrowerâs journey. When engaging such services, consider these points:
- Identify certified organizations: The National Foundation for Credit Counseling and other recognized entities can provide reliable assistance.
- Explore personalized budgeting advice: Credit counselors will often help individuals develop budgeting skills, ensuring all monthly expenses are accounted for in proportion to income.
- Potential debt management plans: Through these programs, professionals might help you consolidate your debts into one manageable monthly payment, often with reduced interest rates negotiated with creditors.
By working with a credit counselor, individuals gain the benefit of expert knowledge and tailored strategies that suit their specific situations. Itâs about creating a bridge from current predicaments to better financial futures.
Using credit cards alongside other credit-building options
Utilizing credit cards can certainly boost credit scores, but combining them with other financial products can amplify the benefits. Letâs dive into two prominent examples:
Personal loans
Personal loans can serve as a great supplement to credit card use. They allow individuals to borrow a specific amount up front and pay it back in installments. The key characteristic here is the predictable payment structure. Unlike credit cards, personal loans can help build credit history without the risk of accruing high revolving debts. They are often considered a beneficial choice because they can diversify your credit types, which plays a vital role in boosting credit scores.
A unique feature of personal loans is their fixed interest rates, which can lead to less financial anxiety, as borrowers know their monthly obligations. However, they can be a double-edged sword; missing payments can adversely affect your credit score, much like a credit card. Moreover, not all lenders report to all three major credit bureaus, so itâs prudent to check before borrowing.
Credit builder loans
Credit builder loans are specifically designed to aid individuals looking to improve their credit scores. The primary characteristic of these loans is that they help you save while you build creditâessentially, borrowers make payments on a loan that they donât receive until itâs paid off. Itâs like a savings account linked to your credit efforts!
This option is particularly popular because it not only builds positive payment history but also encourages disciplined saving habits. The unique feature is that the principal amountâthe money youâre ultimately trying to buildâserves as collateral, which reduces risk for lenders. However, as with any financial product, the downside includes potential fees and the risk of default, which could further affect your score.
Leveraging these strategies helps create a more rounded and sustainable approach to credit repair. By using credit cards in a synergistic manner with other financial tools, individuals stand to improve their scores and overall financial health, gaining a clearer picture of their long-term goals.
Assessing Your Credit Progress
Assessing your credit progress is a vital component of any credit repair journey. Understanding where you stand financially is not just about checking a score; it's about recognizing patterns, determining what strategies have worked, and identifying areas that require improvement. Itâs like steering a ship â regular navigation assessment ensures you stay on course toward your financial goals.
Evaluating credit report changes
Periodic evaluation of your credit report brings clarity to your financial situation. Reports can change based on various factors such as payment history, new accounts, or balance shifts. Keeping an eye on these changes helps in understanding the effects of your actions on your credit profile. If you notice a drop in your score after applying for a new credit card, it may indicate your approach needs rethinking.
Consider the following when evaluating changes:
- Payment Timeliness: Late payments can weigh heavily on your report. Assessing patterns in your payment history can not only boost your score but also guide your budgeting process.
- Types of Credit: Diversifying your credit can be a double-edged sword. While having different types of credit can be beneficial, too many inquiries in a short time can harm your score. Keep track of this balance.
Monitoring your credit report for any significant shifts in your score helps you to adjust your strategies or correct mistakes before they become detrimental to your financial health.
The importance of ongoing credit monitoring
Ongoing credit monitoring serves as your safety net in the financial world. Think of it as a regular check-up; itâs necessary for your financial health. Regularly tracking your credit allows you to catch issues early, such as unauthorized charges or identity theft. This proactive approach is crucial to maintaining a good credit score and avoiding the pitfalls of financial negligence.
Some key benefits of ongoing monitoring include:
- Early Detection of Issues: Discover discrepancies swiftly. If anything seems off, you can act before it spirals out of control.
- Informed Decisions: You will have a clearer picture of your credit health, aiding in decisions regarding future credit applications or loan contracts.
Platforms offering monitoring services often alert you to significant changes, which could save you from a world of complications down the line. The earlier you catch problems, the more straightforward it is to address them.
Revisiting credit goals periodically
Establishing and regularly revisiting your credit goals is essential in the broader scope of credit repair. These goals should not be static; what might have been relevant six months ago could be entirely different now. Life situations shift â whether itâs a new job, a house purchase, or simply an improved understanding of personal finance.
Ask yourself:
- Have my credit goals changed? If you once aimed for a car loan, do you now aspire for a mortgage?
- Are the strategies Iâm using effective? Evaluate if the methods you initially believed would help are genuinely pushing you closer to your goals.
- What new opportunities are available? The market changes constantly. New credit products, interest rates, and tools for financial management can emerge, and staying updated can benefit your strategy greatly.
In summary, assessing your credit progress systematically will not only inform you of your current standing but will also propel you toward better financial decisions. With focused effort and a keen eye on your credit journey, sustainable improvement is well within reach.
The Long View: Sustaining Good Credit
Maintaining good credit isnât just about achieving a high score in a brief moment; itâs about cultivating habits and strategies that endure over time. The importance of sustaining good credit canât be overstated. It affects many aspects of your financial life, such as loan eligibility, interest rates, and even leasing agreements. Developing a steady approach to credit management lays the groundwork for future financial success and security.
Diversifying Credit Sources
When it comes to building and sustaining good credit, variety is the spice of life. Relying solely on one type of credit, such as a single credit card, can pigeonhole your score. Thatâs why diversifying your credit sources is crucial. Here are a few steps to achieve that:
- Consider Personal Loans: These can show lenders that you can handle different types of credit.
- Utilizing Credit Lines: Instead of just credit cards, having installment loans or lines of credit shows that you can manage various repayment structures.
A varied credit mix can enhance your score by illustrating your ability to navigate differing credit types responsibly. Itâs about proving you're a capable borrower across the board.
Continuous Education on Credit Health
In the world of finance, knowledge is power, and the realm of credit is no exception. Keeping yourself informed is key to managing credit health effectively. Hereâs how you can stay ahead:
- Regularly Review Your Credit Reports: Understanding whatâs on your report helps you catch potential errors and unauthorized accounts.
- Follow Industry Trends: Knowing changes in credit card practices or laws can prepare you for shifts that may affect your score.
- Take Advantage of Resources: Websites like Wikipedia and Britannica offer a wealth of information on credit management that can be incredibly beneficial.
This continuous pursuit of knowledge can empower you to make informed decisions related to credit and investments.
Preparing for Future Credit Needs
Looking ahead is just as important as managing the present. Life can throw curveballs, and circumstances may change. Preparing for future credit needs involves understanding and anticipating your goals. Practical ways to get prepared include:
- Setting Up an Emergency Fund: This safety net allows you to navigate unexpected expenses without derailing your credit.
- Assess Future Financial Goals: Whether you are planning to buy a car, a house, or even start a business, knowing what your financial landscape looks like aids in creating a strategic plan.
"Sustaining good credit is not just foresight; itâs a commitment to your financial future."
Maintaining a long-term perspective on credit helps ensure that you remain adaptable and ready for anything that life may throw at you. While the journey to good credit may require patience, the benefits reaped from sustaining it are well worth the effort.
